Drug Reaction

In clinical dermatology, drug reactions can manifest in various ways, affecting the skin and its appendages. Dermatologic drug reactions can range from mild and self-limiting to severe and potentially life-threatening. Here are some common types of drug reactions observed in clinical dermatology:

1. Drug Eruptions: These are skin rashes or eruptions that occur as a result of exposure to a medication. The rash can vary in appearance and severity. Drug eruptions may present as maculopapular rashes, urticaria (hives), erythema multiforme, or other patterns.

2. Fixed Drug Eruptions: These are localized skin reactions that recur in the same location each time the drug is taken. They often appear as well-demarcated, round, or oval plaques and can be accompanied by itching or burning.

3. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN): These are severe, life-threatening drug reactions characterized by widespread blistering and detachment of the skin and mucous membranes. They are medical emergencies and require immediate intervention.

4. Photosensitivity Reactions: Some drugs can make the skin more sensitive to sunlight, leading to sunburn-like reactions. Photosensitivity can manifest as redness, rash, or other skin changes after sun exposure.

5. Drug-induced Pigmentation Changes: Certain medications can cause hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation of the skin. Examples include minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation and amiodarone-induced blue-gray discoloration.

6. Acneiform Eruptions: Some medications, particularly systemic corticosteroids and certain antiepileptic drugs can induce acne-like eruptions on the face and trunk.

7. Drug-induced Hair Changes: Medications can also affect hair growth and texture. Examples include drug-induced alopecia (hair loss) and changes in hair color or structure.

8. Lichenoid Drug Eruptions: These eruptions resemble lichen planus, a chronic inflammatory skin condition. They typically present as purple, flat-topped papules.

9. Drug-induced Vasculitis: Some drugs can cause inflammation of blood vessels, leading to a condition known as drug-induced vasculitis. This can present with skin symptoms such as purpura, petechiae, or ulcers.

10. Drug-induced Mucosal Reactions: Certain medications can cause mucosal reactions, such as oral ulcers or inflammation of the oral and genital mucosa.

Category:Clinical Dermatology